Intestinal permeability and morphology improved significantly in both glutamine and ACG.

Oral glutamine supplements, in the dose administered, do not seem to restore impaired permeability in patients with Crohn's disease.

Oral glutamine supplements, in the dose administered, do not seem to restore impaired permeability in patients with Crohn's disease.

Glutamine may be cardioprotective in patients with coronary heart disease.

Oral glutamine had no effect on peak or V(O2) at LT, {V(O2) peak: CON=0.70±0.1 l min(-1) vs. GLN=0.73±0.2 l min(-1); LT: CON=0.57±0.1 l min(-1) vs. GLN=0.54±0.1 lmin(-1)} or V(O2) kinetics {tau: CON=68±22 s vs. GLN=68±16 s}. Ingestion of glutamine before exercise did not improve indices of oxidative metabolism in this patient group.

Increases in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine and decrease in eGFR are probably due to difficulties by older kidneys in metabolizing the supplemented protein sources. Although not clinically significant, those alterations impose a rigorous control on the evaluation parameters of renal function during oral L-Gln supplementation, with doses of 0.5 g kg(-1) d(-1) in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Increases in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine and decrease in eGFR are probably due to difficulties by older kidneys in metabolizing the supplemented protein sources. Although not clinically significant, those alterations impose a rigorous control on the evaluation parameters of renal function during oral L-Gln supplementation, with doses of 0.5 g kg(-1) d(-1) in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Peak insulin and glucose concentrations were higher after CCD ingestion; in contrast, responses after ONS ingestion were "blunted" and prolonged.

Results of this small pilot study in rectal cancer patients receiving preoperative radiochemotherapy, showed that ingestion of larger quantities of glutamine given more often as previously reported did not diminish the incidence and severity of diarrhoea and did not affect inflammatory and metabolic activity compared to the placebo treatment with maltodextrin.

Intestinal permeability and morphology improved significantly in both glutamine and ACG.

Oral glutamine supplements, in the dose administered, do not seem to restore impaired permeability in patients with Crohn's disease.

Oral glutamine supplements, in the dose administered, do not seem to restore impaired permeability in patients with Crohn's disease.

Glutamine may be cardioprotective in patients with coronary heart disease.

Oral glutamine had no effect on peak or V(O2) at LT, {V(O2) peak: CON=0.70±0.1 l min(-1) vs. GLN=0.73±0.2 l min(-1); LT: CON=0.57±0.1 l min(-1) vs. GLN=0.54±0.1 lmin(-1)} or V(O2) kinetics {tau: CON=68±22 s vs. GLN=68±16 s}. Ingestion of glutamine before exercise did not improve indices of oxidative metabolism in this patient group.

Taken together, the results suggest that chronically supplemented Gln protects against exercise-induced hyperammonemia depending on exercise intensity and supplementation duration.

Peak insulin and glucose concentrations were higher after CCD ingestion; in contrast, responses after ONS ingestion were "blunted" and prolonged.

Results of this small pilot study in rectal cancer patients receiving preoperative radiochemotherapy, showed that ingestion of larger quantities of glutamine given more often as previously reported did not diminish the incidence and severity of diarrhoea and did not affect inflammatory and metabolic activity compared to the placebo treatment with maltodextrin.

Glutamine may be cardioprotective in patients with coronary heart disease.

Oral glutamine had no effect on peak or V(O2) at LT, {V(O2) peak: CON=0.70±0.1 l min(-1) vs. GLN=0.73±0.2 l min(-1); LT: CON=0.57±0.1 l min(-1) vs. GLN=0.54±0.1 lmin(-1)} or V(O2) kinetics {tau: CON=68±22 s vs. GLN=68±16 s}. Ingestion of glutamine before exercise did not improve indices of oxidative metabolism in this patient group.

Increases in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine and decrease in eGFR are probably due to difficulties by older kidneys in metabolizing the supplemented protein sources. Although not clinically significant, those alterations impose a rigorous control on the evaluation parameters of renal function during oral L-Gln supplementation, with doses of 0.5 g kg(-1) d(-1) in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Increases in serum urea nitrogen and creatinine and decrease in eGFR are probably due to difficulties by older kidneys in metabolizing the supplemented protein sources. Although not clinically significant, those alterations impose a rigorous control on the evaluation parameters of renal function during oral L-Gln supplementation, with doses of 0.5 g kg(-1) d(-1) in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Taken together, the results suggest that chronically supplemented Gln protects against exercise-induced hyperammonemia depending on exercise intensity and supplementation duration.

Intestinal permeability and morphology improved significantly in both glutamine and ACG.

Oral glutamine supplements, in the dose administered, do not seem to restore impaired permeability in patients with Crohn's disease.

Oral glutamine supplements, in the dose administered, do not seem to restore impaired permeability in patients with Crohn's disease.